The Four Types of Food
Food is anything that can be consumed to provide nutrients and energy to the body. There are many different types of foods that can be eaten, including cereals, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, meat and fish. A balanced diet includes eating a variety of foods from each group to get the most benefit.
The nutritional value of a food is determined by its chemical composition, as well as its ability to be digested and absorbed by the human body. In addition, the food must be safe to consume and free of harmful substances such as microorganisms or toxic chemicals.
Ideally, the majority of a person's food should come from whole, unprocessed foods. These foods contain fewer additives and have more of the essential vitamins, minerals and fiber that the body needs to function optimally. Processed foods are high in salt, sugar and saturated fats. Examples include fast food, chips, cookies, frozen pizzas and deli meats.
Eating a variety of foods from the four main groups helps ensure that a person gets all of the nutrients they need to stay healthy. It is important to eat both plant and animal sources of protein, as well as complex carbohydrates and healthy fats.
For example, a salad with leafy greens, tomatoes and a piece of fruit provides a good source of carbohydrates. A bowl of steamed vegetables and a piece of baked chicken provides protein. In addition, fruits and vegetables are low in calories and packed with disease-fighting vitamins and minerals.
A healthy diet also includes limiting added sugars, such as those found in candy and soda. Instead, eat naturally sweet foods such as fruit. The Nutrition Facts label on food packages can help you identify added sugars.
When eating out, look for restaurants that prepare healthy foods, such as grilled chicken or lean turkey sandwiches on whole grain bread. Skip foods fried in oil, such as French fries and onion rings. Instead, choose sides such as fresh veggies and fruit, or a cup of low-fat yogurt with fruit.
Having healthy food options available at work or school is important to make sure you can eat right on the go. Keep a container of nuts, hummus or cut veggies with you to make it easy to snack on something nutritious when you're feeling hungry.
Cooking at home is one of the best ways to control your diet. By preparing your own meals, you can avoid excess sodium, sugar and fat. When cooking, try using herbs and spices to add flavor to dishes, rather than salt, and use cooking methods that are healthier, such as roasting or baking versus frying. By planning and shopping wisely, you can help prevent food waste. An estimated 40 percent of the world's food is wasted each year, which can have negative impacts on people and the planet. By reducing the amount of food you throw away, you can save money and support local farmers. Also, consider donating unwanted food to a local food bank or shelter.